Colorism: Black People and Skin Color

Growing up as a young being in an interracial family, I generally experienced bias whether it was inside my home or out in the city. My dad was an African-American, his family was tolerating however all could see that they applauded the way that my skin was 5-6 shades lighter than that of my different cousins. This obviously caused uncertain issues, gives that couldn’t and wouldn’t be discussed among us as youngsters, yet later on turned out to be profound discussion loaded up with tears and comprehension since we were at long last ready to get from under the shame that our folks were overwhelmed in light of the fact that their folks had exposed them to a similar treatment. While then again, my mother’s side of the family is Irish, German, and Indian. They loathed the way that my dad was an African-American man. I would hear my mother’s mother talk seriously of my dad. She even went similarly as not to permit my dad in her home. She was the hardest on me out of all the terrific youngsters when it came to teaching us, on the grounds that my father’s skin tone was that of an individual of color. They additionally would in general kindness my mother’s oldest little girl since her dad wasn’t an African-American. As a kid growing up I encountered both positive and negative criticism for my skin shading. In any case, I should state that it was about 85% positive when not within the sight of my mother’s mother. Note I don’t state grandma since she was barely ever a grandma toward s me, on the grounds that my skin shading was that of a person of color, while my cousins were for the most part lighter looking. Colorism in the United States is a shame that won’t get lifted on account of what bondage has implanted in the psyches of African-Americans. As indicated by wikipedia. com, Colorism is characterized as a â€Å"Black-on-Black bigotry, in view of skin-tone. † The separation depends on the possibility that an individual's worth is legitimately identified with the shade of their skin, esteeming lighter tones over darker tones. It's normally realized that Colorism tormented the Black people group after servitude and through the ahead of schedule to mid-twentieth century. In the mid 1900's, many dark associations, including universities, rehearsed the â€Å"brown paper sack test† while tolerating new individuals. On the off chance that an individual's skin was not lighter than an earthy colored paper sack, they would be denied induction. Despite the fact that the earthy colored paper sack test is outdated and disapproved of as a dishonorable crossroads in African-American history, the goals behind the training despite everything waits in the African-American people group. Cutting edge Colorism pops up in the everyday existences of African-Americans consistently. This issue has influenced each tone or shade of darkness inside the African-American people group. In â€Å"The Color Complex† by Midge Wilson, Wilson tends to the issue by following the cause of Colorism, â€Å"To follow the beginnings of the shading complex, we should come back to the year 1607 when three boats cruised in Chesapeake Bay, halting at Jamestown, Virginia, to set up the primary English settlement in the New World†¦.. It was another land and another time loaded up with conceivable outcomes. What may have been inconceivable in Europe and Africa was an ordinary event in the wild. Miscegenation, or race blending, got boundless as Europeans, Africans, and Native Americans blended their seed and substance to create a kaleidoscope of skin tones and highlights. Yet, these essential race groupings varied strongly in their common freedoms and political opportunities. Unobtrusive varieties in appearance faced on gigantic result in significance, particularly among Negros,† (Wilson, pg. 9). With the accentuation of shading being put in the front line of the dark network, blacks have let this issue set up for obliviousness for more than 400 years. The impacts of these activities have streamed down into the absolute most unmistakable dark associations that characterize our locale and our darkness, for example, the NAACP, Jack and Jill, Alpha Kappa Alpha Sorority, Kappa Alpha Psi Fraternity, Alpha Phi Alpha Fraternity, and so on. Its an obvious fact that these sorts of associations were made so as to make an artificial place of refuge for the abundance of the fair looking mulattos. In the early years these associations were called Blue Vein social orders, on the grounds that so as to cite â€Å"belong,† the trial of how light you were was would you be able to see your blue veins through your skin? Also, in the event that they would, you be able to were in. Works Cited â€Å"Colorism. † Wikipedia, The Free Encyclopedia. 1 Nov 2009, 22:52 UTC. 2 Nov 2009 . Wilson, Midge, Russell Kathy. The Color Complex: The Politics of Skin Color Among African Americans. New York: Harcourt Publishers, 1992.

The East West link Project

Presentation The aim of the Victorian State Government to embrace the East West Link Project is a decent move that will improve the condition of framework in the City of Melbourne.Advertising We will compose a custom report test on The East West connection Project explicitly for you for just $16.05 $11/page Learn More The development of 18 kilometer-street arrange across Melbourne to interface the previously existing Western Ring Road toward the Eastern Freeway is an exceptionally yearning venture. Given that this undertaking is assessed to cost around 8 billion US dollars, unmistakably the task will be very including and consequently, needs a ton of commitment from the legislature and all the partners. As per Kloppenborg (2009), it is consistently imperative to comprehend the greatness of a task before building up its model. When building up a model, the administration ought to have a profound comprehension of the expected objectives and destinations that the undertaking tries to ac hieve. For this situation, the task the board must have a comprehension of what the Victorian State Government anticipates from the venture. This administration plans to spend around 8 billion dollars in this task. It must get what its speculation is worth. The undertaking supervisory crew has a significant assignment of guaranteeing that this task yields the required outcome. This must beginning from the arranging phase of this task. Heldman (2011) says that an effective undertaking is constantly observed at the arranging stage. Arranging of the venture includes estimating what the undertaking colleagues will do, the normal course of events for each action in the undertaking, the related expenses at each stage, and some other expenses and errands that will be done inside the task. The arranging stage likewise includes characterizing the jobs of each task part. Undertaking Initiation Tonnquist (2009, p. 118) sees that the principal stage in venture the executives procedure is the co mmencement stage. At this stage, the lenders and the individuals who own the task distinguishes the need to embrace the project.Advertising Looking for report on business financial aspects? We should check whether we can support you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More In this undertaking, the Victorian State Government has distinguished the need to build up a street that would join Western Ring Road to Eastern Freeway as a method of decongesting the City of Melbourne. Having recognized the should be met by venture, at that point the task colleagues can move to the arranging stage. Venture Planning Project Objectives According to Meredith (2012), it isn't workable for a task to be fruitful when venture individuals and the partners don't comprehend the specific goals of the undertaking. Characterizing explicit undertaking targets is consistently significant before the beginning of the task. In the vast majority of the cases, the lender is consistently answerable for the impr ovement of these destinations. This is on the grounds that the agent comprehends what ought to be endless supply of the task. In this undertaking, the Victorian State Government knows why this task is significant and what it ought to accomplish when it is at last finished. Creating venture goals isn't just implied for the lenders or proprietors of the task. Each partner has a task to carry out in this so as to guarantee that the targets created are savvy in nature. The targets ought to be explicit and implementable inside a given timetable. Coming up next are a portion of the particular targets that this task ought to accomplish when it is at long last finished. This street ought to have the option to connect Western Ring Road to Eastern Freeway upon its finishing. The framework ought to be durable and ready to meet the traffic needs inside Melbourne City. The framework ought to be created dependent on the set norms of streets in Australia. The advancement of this foundation should cost this administration a sum, which is inside the at first set spending plan. The undertaking ought to be finished prior to the set timetable so as to meet the desires for the citizens. The above are a portion of the destinations that the undertaking individuals must work with focal point of accomplishing them. Given that this task will initiate in late 2014, it is significant for all the partners to guarantee that they do everything inside their forces to make the undertaking start in the correct way, and that all the required venture expectations are benefited. It is through this that this group will be guaranteed that the task will run easily until the day of its finish. The Victorian State Government has an obligation to play in guaranteeing that it benefits all the assets that is required for this venture. The task chiefs likewise have a job of specifying the way this undertaking will take, and disclosing to the lender all that which is expected to make this venture a reality . Defense of the undertaking Meredith and Mantel (2012, p. 71) sees that tasks are in every case exorbitant endeavors regarding the assets required, and the time that is put resources into it. The East West Link Project will cost around 8 billion US dollars. The venture will likewise require around six years to be finished. These are gigantic assets that this task will expend for it to be finished successfully.Advertising We will compose a custom report test on The East West connection Project explicitly for you for just $16.05 $11/page Learn More The citizens should meet the expenses of this undertaking. It is hence, essential to state obviously to them the significance of the task. They ought to be made to comprehend why the undertaking merits the expense. Making all the partners comprehend the significance of the undertaking helps in advocating the need to execute the task. In the East West Link Project, the aim is to connect Western Ring Road and Eastern Freeway, which as of now exist. The need to interface them exuded from the way that drivers are compelled to invest a ton of energy in the street utilizing the current courses, in this way making blockages in the city. The venture looks to ease traffic clog inside the City of Melbourne by making another course that will empower drivers to take shorter courses. Upon its finish, the undertaking will guarantee that traffic growl ups that are constantly experienced inside Melbourne City are dispensed with. This will improve proficiency of working together in this city. It will pull in more speculators who will consider the city alluring because of improved foundation. It will likewise help in taking out a large number of dollars that is lost each year on account of the sluggish development of traffic, particularly during the pinnacle hours. The occupants of Melbourne will have a wonderful encounter of proceeding onward streets that are liberated from congested road. The connection will be savvy for street clie nts on account of the dispensed with congested road, yet in addition in light of the diminished separation drivers should cover. In this manner, this suitable undertaking can help this city in an incredible manner when it is at long last finished in 2019. Venture scope When undertaking any given task, trusts are in every case high from different partners as every individual hypothesizes on what the venture will accomplish when it is at long last finished. As indicated by Bruce and Langdon (2000, p. 56), it is consistently imperative to control these desires by characterizing what the task degree is, so as to cause everybody to comprehend the genuine aim of the undertaking. Fitting the desires for all the partners is significant in guaranteeing that the result of the venture is persuading to each person. It helps in disposing of some ridiculous expectations that a few partners may have, and making them comprehend what's in store of the undertaking. It is consistently the expectation of venture individuals to fulfill the necessities of the considerable number of partners when a task is completed.Advertising Searching for report on business financial aspects? How about we check whether we can support you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Find out More Characterizing the extent of the venture causes them to comprehend what's in store from the undertaking, henceforth expanding odds of the task fulfilling the partners upon its consummation. This will shape some portion of the accomplishment of the undertaking when it is at last brought into fruition. In this undertaking, the extension is restricted to building a street connecting Western Ring Rad and Eastern Freeway. This street will be a double carriageway that will have the option to help a wide range of vehicles. The street will have six paths. This street is relied upon to dispose of the requirement for drivers who are on Western Ring Road to head out to the downtown area before setting off toward the Eastern Freeway. Those on Eastern Freeway will likewise not have to make a trip to the downtown area before jumping on the Western Ring Road. The street under this task will connect the two courses legitimately. This will ease clog in the city, as it will lessen the quantity of vehi cles heading out to the downtown area. This venture will spare time for the street clients since it would require some investment to utilize this new street than to experience the downtown area. It will decrease the expense of fuel for street clients in view of the shorter separation to cover. The venture is constrained to building up a standard quality street connecting the two expressways. Task Execution The Project Management Team The initial phase in venture execution is to recognize venture colleagues. In each task, it is critical to comprehend the undertaking individuals who will partake in different exercises inside the venture. As Nagarajan (2005, p. 27) says, touchy ventures, for example, those including framework needs individuals with vital aptitudes to attempt different obligations. In the advancement of this foundation, there will be a requirement for structural architects, fashioners, among others experts. There will likewise be a need to have an attorney who will cont inually guarantee that the interests of the considerable number of partners in the venture are ensured. There ought to be a reasonable chain of importance among all the venture individuals characterizing the job of each task part and their position

THE ATLANTIC SLAVE TRADE

THE ATLANTIC SLAVE TRADE Presentation/Thesis proclamation Atlantic slave exchange started in 1444 and it prompted the huge development of the African captives toward the western countries with the sole point of giving modest work. The development of slaves from Africa is named as one of the significant relocations to have occurred in human history.Advertising We will compose a custom basic composing test on The Atlantic Slave Trade explicitly for you for just $16.05 $11/page Learn More The Africans were commandingly moved toward the western half of the globe and also, these slaves were looked downward on as mediocre. The Atlantic slave exchange significantly affected Africa just as the United States of America. The Africa Continent was denied labor though the United States of America had the option to support its monetary development because of the nearness of modest work. Because of unrest in the Dutch Republic, numerous residents went into the slave exchange, which is essentially considered to have been be cause of mishap as opposed to by plan. This paper will in this way try to audit Postma’s book: The Dutch in the Atlantic Slave Trade, 1600-1815, giving the suggestions and the support of the Dutch in the transoceanic slave exchange. The author’s analysis of the historiography The creator condemns the historiography of the Dutch cooperation in the transoceanic slave exchange by calling attention to that the interest of the Dutch in this exchange was not given the consideration that it merited. The interest of the Dutch covers around two centuries all loaded up with different multifaceted nature going from the land measurements to the segment and muddled economies.Advertising Looking for basic composition on african american? We should check whether we can support you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More The principle point of the Author composing this book was to expose the cooperation of the Dutch in the transoceanic exchange and giving it the consideration it merited. Rawley and Behrendt in their book: The transoceanic slave exchange: A history, brings up that the Dutch took part in the slave exchange as ahead of schedule as 1528 when the slaves were being moved to the Spanish settlements (2005). The creator disproves this by expounding that the transporters of these slaves were the Germans or potentially the Flemings who started from Belgium. In the light of the abovementioned, the creator includes that the soonest cooperation of the Dutch in the transoceanic slave exchange happened in 1596 (Postma, 2009). The proof that the creator uses to help their contention Postma (2009) calls attention to that in the beginning times of the slave exchange Africa, the fundamental members of the slave exchange, for the most part the Portuguese could send the undertaking toward the west bank of Africa to catch the slaves and the creator brings up that the quantity of slaves that were caught was around 200 and thirty five slaves every one of whom were sent to Portugal. The creator attempts to legitimize the support of the Dutch in the transoceanic slave exchange by calling attention to that in 1596, Rotterdam Skipper and Pieter Van Hagen caught around one hundred and thirty slaves from Africa and moved them to Middelburg, the capital of Zeeland. This data is tenable since it gives demonstrate of the Dutch’s investment in the slave exchange. Manners by which the parts of the book identify with the proposal Postma has composed the book in different sections every one of which identify with the transoceanic exchange. In part one and two the writer attempts to clarify the beginning of the slave exchange and the reasons for such trade.Advertising We will compose a custom basic composing test on The Atlantic Slave Trade explicitly for you for just $16.05 $11/page Learn More In the three ensuing sections, the writer moves his concentration to Africa and investigates the Presence of the Dutch in Africa. In sections six and seven the creator attempts to analyze the conditions that made slave exchange ideal for instance the requirement for work in the western countries just as the nearness of individuals from Africa who could give the modest work. In the last four parts the creator reveals insight into how the slaves were housed and taken care of. These slaves were abused in the working environments and they lived in poor conditions. Maybe the creator brings up the nearness of slave have brought up numerous profound quality issues in the advanced occasions. Some data that was give by the creator are redundant or model his clarification on the roe of the Catholic Church in the slave exchange has little hugeness in the postulation. Analysis of the author’s work The occasions that occurred during the transoceanic slave exchange are obviously clarified just as the components that prompted the beginning of the slave exchange. The support of the Dutch in the Slave exchange was because of the foundation of th e enormous ranches in the Dutch Republic that it required broad wellspring of work. The suggestions that the slave exchange had on the western economies are clarified however one of the significant weaknesses of this book is its inability to expand on the suggestions that the slave exchange had on the African mainland. The African mainland was denied of labor since tough men were removed along these lines the work power declined radically. Families were likewise isolated which brought about mental enduring among the family members.Advertising Searching for basic composition on african american? How about we check whether we can support you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Find out More All in all, it is consistent with state that the creator has added to the writing of the occasion since he gives experiences into what occurred during the transoceanic slave exchange just as the ramifications of this exchange on the western economies. The book can frame the reason for different investigations since the future researchers may try to study the suggestions that this exchange had, strategically, financially and socially to both the African mainland just as toward the western half of the globe. The transoceanic slave exchange had a significant ramifications since it framed the reason for the proceeded with relocation of the Africans toward the western side of the equator. It is an occasion that merits examining in light of the fact that it gives an away from of what truly unfolded during this time of slave exchange. References Postma, J. M. (2009). The Dutch in the Atlantic Slave Trade, 1600-1815. Cambridge.Cambridge University Press. Rawley, J. A., Behrendt, S. D. (2005) . The transoceanic slave exchange: A history. Nebraska. Lincoln: University of Nebraska Press.

fiberoptics ENDOSCOPY essays

fiberoptics ENDOSCOPY expositions Fiber optics delivered by extraordinary techniques from silica glass and quartz which supplanted copper wire is helpful in media communications, significant distance phone lines and in looking at inside pieces of the body (endoscopy). Hardware for photography is accessible with all present fiber-optic endoscopes. Through a procedure known as complete inner reflection, light beams channeled into the fiber can engender inside the center for huge spans with astoundingly little constriction or decrease in power. As a rule, the techniques for fiber creation fall into three classifications; (a) the expulsion strategy for manufactured filaments; (b) hot drawing of strands from liquid mass material through an opening; and (c) drawing of uncoated, covered and different filaments from congregations of bars and cylinders took care of through an empty barrel shaped heater. Three types of fiber optics parts have been proposed for the improvement of the picture quality, field point and photographic speed of different kinds of optical frameworks. These fiber optics components, as a field flattener, a cone shaped condenser and bending corrector, can be utilized independently or joined into a solitary unit called a Focon. MAKà NA MÃÅ"HENDà SLà Ãƒ Ãƒ  DEPARTMANI Gnmzde bakã ½r tellerin yerini alan silikon camã ½ndan ve kristalinden retilen fiber optikler, telekomnikasyonda, uzun mesafeli telefon hatlarã ½nda ve insan vcudunun iã § kã ½sã ½mlarã ½nã ½ inceleyen endoskopilerde kullanã ½lmaktadã ½r. Fotoã °raf ekipmanlarã ½nda da btn fiber-optik endoskoplara kullanã ½lmaktadã ½r. Cap iã § yansã ½ma olarak bilinen iã ¾lem yoluyla, fiberin iã §inde toplanan à ½Ã£ ¾Ã£ ½k à ½Ã£ ¾Ã£ ½nlarã ½, uzun mesafeler boyunca à ¾iddetinde kã §k bir azalma ve bozulmayla yol alabilmektedir. Genellikle, fiber retimleri à § kategoridedir; Sentetik fiber retiminde d㠽㠾ã ½na à §Ã£ ½karma methodu; Erimiã ¾ dkme maddelerden a㠰ã ½zlarã ½na doã °ru oluã ¾an fiberle... <!

Dryland Salinity

Dryland Salinity Dry-land saltiness is an enormous natural issue. It is imperative to recognize Dry land saltiness and watered land saltiness. For this situation the influenced territory is because of downpour and not ranchers flooding crops. Dry land saltiness is the progressive loss of land because of rising salt. This salt is raised to the world's surface by rising groundwater. We have thought about this issue since 1924 however have just attempted to truly comprehend it since the 70's.There are tremendous measures of salt in Australia the greater part of which is found underground. It has been developed more than a huge number of years starting from rock minerals or from ocean salt dropped by wind or downpour. Australia's local vegetation is adjusted to the salty conditions. They have profound roots and high water utilize that kept the ground water levels low and the framework in balance. Be that as it may, when European cultivating strategies were acquainted the ground water started with rise.En glish: Groundwater Management in Wagga sig...

IvyWise Gives Back 2018 Corporate Service Trip Recap

Seven Team Members Share Their Favorite Memories Of Their Time In Guatemala With School the World In March, seven team members traveled to Guatemala with School the World as part of the organization’s first corporate service trip, where they built a school for a community outside of Santa Cruz del Quiche. At we believe that educational support is important at any age and that making a positive impact, in your local community and in the world, is essential to building a better future for children everywhere. It is in that spirit that we decided to partner withSchool the Worldas part of ourIvyWise Gives Backinitiative and work with them to bring education to children who need it the most. In March of 2018, a select group of team members, along with team members from Envisage International and Flywire, traveled to Guatemala to help build a new elementary school for kids in need!Our goal was to raise enough funds, in conjunction with the group we are traveling with, to not only help build the school but also provide the resources to get the school started and keep it running long after we are gone. We were joined by team members from It was a tremendously rewarding experience, and we’d like to share some of our thoughts and memories of this amazing project: Meghan: I’ll never forget the warm and gracious welcome we received upon driving up toPatzalam Choacamanon our first day. I was feeling tired after the four-hour drive through the winding mountains and bumpy dirt roads, but was instantly energized by the excitement of the children and families who greeted us with songs, handmade posters, balloons, speeches, and even fireworks! For the rest of the week, we were lucky enough to be immersed in the community, welcomed into their homes, and able to really get to know the students we were building for. We were quickly able to see how eager and excited the students were to come to school and learn. As someone who has always been passionate about access to education, putting in the hard work toactually build a school for a community in need was extremely rewarding. Despite language barriers, in the short span of a week, in between paint shifts and mixing concrete, we were able to develop beautiful relationships with the students, fami lies, teachers, and fellow volunteers. Saying goodbye to the students was moredifficult thatI could have ever imagined, butI feel comforted knowing they’ll have a place to go everyday to learn and continue to inspire each another. Shurabhi: My favorite part of the entire trip was getting to know the community — especially the children! Though we were there for only five days, the kids were so welcoming, open-hearted and affectionate, that we felt we'd known them forever! It was one of the most humbling, eye-opening and heartwarming weeks of my life. The biggest lesson I learned from the whole experience (apart from the ratio of cement, water and sand to make concrete!) was to be grateful for whatever we have: Though the families struggled to meet even the most basic needs, they were all so happy, thankful, hopeful, and loving, and really believed in the strength and power of family and community! Grace: I think one of my favorite parts of the trip was the celebration at the end of the week. It was so clear how both, the members of our group and the community, were thrilled and excited. As soon as the Vice Mayor cut the ribbon, all of the children rushed into the playground. I would estimate about 30 children were in line for the slide! They were so eager to share their enthusiasm with us, often grabbing our hands and pulling us into line with them. I will never forget the joy that everyone in our group and the community felt at that moment. Megan: This trip was an amazing experience, not only because I was able to bond with my team members, but also because we made a tangible difference in the community we worked. Visiting Guatemala was a once in a lifetime experience because of the people we met and the community we worked in. Although I volunteer regularly with local organizations, it was an eye-opening experience to immerse myself in an unknown culture to help others and put myself in their shoes. Carrin: It was truly a life changing experience. Being a person who loves and values the importance of education, the chance to actually have the opportunity to do work with my own two hands to give the gift of education to someone else, someone in need, was incredible. I will never forget my time there! Kaitlyn: I will never forget the warmth and hospitality of the community – they welcomed us with open arms from the get go and treated us like family during our time together. The students are beautiful people on the inside and out and they will always hold a special place in my heart. That, along with the camaraderie that developed between our team and the rest of the group/community, are some of my favorite takeaways from the trip. Anna: I’m guilty of being a victim of routine – never really stepping out of my comfort zone to experience new things because the familiar is usually so safe. When the opportunity for this trip presented itself I was thrilled to be included, but also a little anxious about how much of an impact we could really make in just a few days. It’s incredibly humbling to look back on this experience and remember the sheer volume of love and commitment everyone put into this project. From the fundraising to the actual build, everyone was here for one thing – to do something special for these amazing kids. I still can’t believe it sometimes when I think back to that first day – where all we had were four walls and no roof or windows – to the last day where there were, not one, but TWO complete classrooms and a playground. It truly is amazing what you can accomplish in just a few days with the determination of a dedicated team. When I’m ask ed what I enjoyed most about this trip I always come back to the people. The love and hospitality we encountered was beyond what I could have ever imagined – we really did feel like we were home during our short time there. Below are some additional photos of the completed school! For more information on School the World, visit our Gives Back page. Thanks again to everyone who supported us during this trip, and we look forward to serving other communities in need in the future!

The Unusual Mystery Into Law Research Paper for Sale Exposed

The Unusual Mystery Into Law Research Paper for Sale Exposed The Secret to Law Research Paper for Sale So, you can purchase a research paper that sustains the largest level of university requirements. Research work is a scientific project, which is performed at the close of the training course term. To begin with, you want to understand how to conduct legal research. To assist you study, we offer you to purchase college term papers for sale at a reasonable price. The One Thing to Do for Law Research Paper for Sale A research paper is something which demands lots of time, hard work and dedication. Even when you have the time to actually dive into a research paper, you might still end up struggling. At any time you get a paper for school, we'll secure the ideal expert to compose a winning paper for you fast. Whatever sort of paper writing you require, click the purchase button to request for a customized term paper for sale. Choosing Good Law Research Paper for Sale Quali ty Research Papers Our Research Paper for Sale will make sure that you get value for every single dollar spent. If you're reading this, you're probably curious about research papers for sale. Affordable research paper writing services aren't so simple to find. We realize that the affordability is just one of the largest explanations for why students hesitate to pay to write research paper. Being the greatest UK essay writing services provider, we're confident you will be happy with the paper we produce. Is a service which supplies you with a group of competent writers, selection of. In order to ensure our writers endeavor to present high-quality papers and to see that the client was served to her or his expectations, we've got a revision policy. As a result of our service, you are now able to seek the services of the very best research paper writers in. Often a low-cost paper writing service is only going to offer pre-written essays they will. It's possible for you to speak with your writer during the entire process. The best means out within this instance is to purchase research papers or any other sort of academic writing. Law Research Paper for Sale - the Story Thus, the essay for our staff it is simpler than ever. It's quite easy to make an order for term papers for sale, for instance, you just have to compose all your requirements, time limits and await the results. Our aim is to present our clients the very best service they can receive at quite inexpensive rates. You are the person who chooses the bid to receive your quality research paper for sale. Well, that's exactly what we deliver to our customers. In the event you have any extra questions which you would love to ask or in case you would love to find out more concerning the way our services work, feel absolutely free to get in contact with our support team. Below there are dozens and dozens of topics to select from ranging from accounting, management, international organization, business law and a lot more. Generous discounts for every single purchase made. Students should use several sources when writing any sort of law papers. The students need to compose distinctive forms of law papers during the class of the semester. Additionally, they are unable to write the law papers because they are not aware of the steps to follow when writing the papers. Most students pursuing law aren't able to write law papers. Keep in mind that criminal law requires the state. It is a very broad and interesting field of study. Art law isn't a distinct jurisprudence or unified legal doctrine that is relevant to each of the issues confronting those in the art world. In the remainder of the short article, you might find how to compose a criminal law and justice essays.

Culture Has Always Been Something That’S So Interesting

Culture has always been something that’s so interesting to me. I love the fact that you can always learn more about a person or place by exploring their culture. I think I enjoy it so much because I have such an open mind, and love talking to people; however on the opposite end, I think all that unknown scares some people, and results in ignorance, racism, and/or ethnocentrism. I grew up in an average size town where Caucasians were just slightly the minority. There were many Blacks, Latino and Hispanics, and American Indians as well. This diversity didn’t just pop up in high school, these kids are people that I’ve grown up with since elementary school. Because I have always been exposed to many cultures, I have grown up with a†¦show more content†¦My family on my mom’s side was raised Jewish, and that’s what my older sister, Jennifer, and I were raised. Four of my six cousins were also raised Jewish. My aunt Janelle (my mother’s sis ter) was raised Jewish just like my mother and her other siblings. However, when they grew up and started new lives of their own, my aunt Janelle wasn’t very religious. Later on, my aunt got cancer, and needed a higher power to believe in and ask for help. Because she didn’t feel too connected to the Jewish faith, she converted to Christianity, and raised her two children that way. Since my family is very close, but we’re not all the same religion, we celebrate Hanukkah and Christmas. These celebrations, though they are of different faiths and stories, they do not divide us. My aunt Janelle and her kids still come to the Hanukkah parties, just like we all go to my grandparents for Christmas. As far as my cultural competence, I feel like I am lacking. I think I’m as advanced as one can be in respecting, listening, and learning about other cultures, however my hands on experiences are unfortunately few and far between. My best friend Yousra, who I have grow n up with my whole life, is Muslim, so I know a little but about her faith, and I know much about her family values. My boyfriend and I have been dating for four years, and he is Dominican, so I have been exposed to his family’s cultural values and traditions as well. As far actuallyShow MoreRelatedGender, Gender And Sex Matters904 Words   |  4 PagesGender and Sex Matters This class is all really interesting for me, except the two features I talked above, all the other topics are just too attractive and applaud me. The gender problems totally right, and I believe this happens in every country. When I translated â€Å"Sex† and â€Å"Gender† in the dictionary, it gives us the same meaning: male and female. Thus I ‘m really surprised when I found they have different meanings in class! As referred to by Allen, Sex is a biological classification while genderRead MoreOpposite Attract Essay1162 Words   |  5 PagesThe most common reasons for believing the myth were that opposites make life interesting because there’s always something to look forward to, an intuition that opposites don’t make life boring, and that’s how it’s supposed to be. What surprised me in the positive responses was the fact that some people believed in the myth due to popular culture like the Twilight movies, and cultural mindsets that m ake people believe â€Å"that’s how it’s supposed to be†. Only two people stated they did not believe the mythRead MoreFinal Exam Questions On Sociology1284 Words   |  6 Pageswe discussed throughout this class but I’ve learned a lot of new and interesting things from class discussions. I took helpful notes and facts from articles and the online readings. They have also really helped me and given me insightful information. For example, when we did the activity with the colored beads. We picked beads and each color was a certain amount and that determined what group we were in. I found it interesting how most of everyone moved around but it was one girl I happened to beRead MoreThe Myth of the Latin Woman Essay1470 Words   |  6 PagesThrough self-analysis people can define who they are and who the people around them are. The most interesting point about identity is that some people know what they want and who they are, while it takes forever for oth ers to figure out the factors mentioned before. Many of the individuals analyzed in this essay are confused about the different possible roles or positions they can adopt, and that’s exactly the reason they look for some professional help. In order to better understand the differentRead MoreThe United States And Its Impact On America Essay1488 Words   |  6 Pageschance because there would have been no room for any more people. Another positive side is that it gave America a lot more culture than it had before. But if there is a positive side, that means there has to be a negative side. One of the negative sides to Manifest Destiny and territorial expansion was that they did whatever they could possibly do to get that land and they did not care who it hurt, killed, or negatively affected in the process. This is the reason why so many people debate whether orRead MoreWhat I Would Consider Myself As A Person Who Has Interests1735 Words   |  7 Pagesperson who has interests in many different topics. I really enjoy reading about historical events, International relations, true stories from the past and having conversation with an elderly and of course travelling. History has a special place in my heart. Because it is the only thing that’s real in fact. Present could be very deceiving, future is unclear, but the past is in fact did happen, good or bad it did take a place on earth. Just looking at this world and knowing that there is just so much goneRead MoreDifferent Cultures Are Unique And Their Own Way1332 Words   |  6 Pages Cultures are unique in their own way. I am Mexican; growing up I really enjoyed the food my mother prepared for me. Each culture has its own main dish that says a lot about the culture. It’s only those foods that I love eating on special occasions. It makes it better because in my culture we only have certain foods for example holidays or parties. The truth for my culture will be the way we celebrate special events. There are plenty of foods in my culture; I will have to say that tamales are oneRead MoreHowever, It Was Quite The Opposite. That Wasn’T The Only1501 Words   |  7 Pagesthey were closer to animals -- also introduced Europe to Universities(or higher level learning) and even the concept of â€Å"zero†(as cited in Douglas, 2009).† Now, that’s not to say Europeans are inferior, but Moors brought alchemy and other sciences and also introduced higher levels of education that they never receive any credit for. This has happened to a numerous amount of indigenous people who were believed to be more advanced than Europeans in architecture and in science. It is also believed thatRead MoreThe Expansive Of Islam Is My Historical Subject That Interests Me1110 Words   |  5 Pagesthat there is so much that people can learn the Islam’s culture. I was so interested about the subject that I decided to read a book based on it to learn more about this wonderful r eligion Islam. According to the book,.................................................... , the author discusses about the Islam’s traditions. The author, Tanya Gulevich was born and raised as a child in a beautiful place called San Francisco Bay area and this area was filled with different kinds of cultures so this was prettyRead MoreThe Assumption on the Topic of White Teeths Audience800 Words   |  4 Pagesrepresentation that was found in the comfortable ideals of Euro-Centric beauty which were hard to attain yet were so sought out no matter the amount of pain or crippling amount of self-hatred that seems to creep into your life and alter your self perception. This is what Smith explores. Now I may have an unfair insight towards why Smith wrote the types of characters that she did, so realistic in their flaws and manners, yet she states that the book’s settings were created by mish-mashing pieces of

French Passive Voice †La voix passive

Voice is a grammatical term which indicates the relationship between a subject and verb. There are three different voices in French and English. In the passive voice, the action described by the verb is being done to the subject by an agent, which is usually introduced by one of two prepositions:1. When the verb expresses an action, the agent is introduced by the preposition par:Active voice  Ã‚  Ã‚  David fait le mà ©nage.  Ã‚  Ã‚  David is doing the housework.Passive voice  Ã‚  Ã‚  Le mà ©nage est fait par David.  Ã‚  Ã‚  The housework is done by David.Active voice  Ã‚  Ã‚  Lise lit le livre.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Lise is reading the book.Passive voice  Ã‚  Ã‚  Le livre est lu par Lise.  Ã‚  Ã‚  The book is read by Lise.2. When the verb expresses a state of being,  the agent is either introduced by de or left out entirely:Active voice  Ã‚  Ã‚  Tout le monde le respecte.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Everyone respects him.Passive voice  Ã‚  Ã‚  Il est respectà © de tout le monde.  Ã‚  Ã‚  He is respected by everyone.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Il est à ©minemment respectà ©.  Ã‚  Ã‚  He is highly respected.Active voice  Ã‚  Ã‚  Mes amis aiment ma mà ¨re.  Ã‚  Ã‚  My friends love my mother.Passive voice  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ma mà ¨re est aimà ©e de mes amis.  Ã‚  Ã‚  My mother is loved by my friends. How to Conjugate the French Passive Voice The passive voice is formed with the conjugated verb  Ãƒ ªtre   the  past participle. The past participle has to agree with the subject, not the agent, in gender and number, just like  Ãƒ ªtre verbs  in the  passà © composà ©Ã‚  (more about agreement):  Ã‚  Ã‚  Le livre est à ©crit par des lycà ©ens.  Ã‚  Ã‚  The book is written by high schoolers.  Ã‚  Ã‚  La vaisselle est faite  par Henri.  Ã‚  Ã‚  The dishes are done by Henri.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Les enfants sont nourris  par Luc.  Ã‚  Ã‚  The kids are fed by Luc. To use the French passive voice in any other tense or mood, just conjugate  Ãƒ ªtre  accordingly: Active voice Passive voice prsent Anne fait la tarte.Anne makes the pie. La tarte est faite par Anne.The pie is made by Anne. pass compos Anne a fait la tarte.Anne made the pie. La tarte a t faite par Anne.The pie was made by Anne. imparfait Anne faisait la tarte.Anne was making the pie. La tarte tait faite par Anne.The pie was being made by Anne. futur Anne fera la tarte.Anne will make the pie. La tarte sera faite par Anne.The pie will be made by Anne. subjonctif Je veux quAnne fasse la tarte. I want Anne to make the pie. Je veux que la tarte soit faite par Anne.I want the pie to be made by Anne. How to Use  the French Passive Voice Now that you know about prepositions and agents and how to conjugate the passive voice, its on to more practical matters. The French passive voice may be used for two reasons:A)  To put more emphasis on the person or thing performing the action:Active:  Un enfant a à ©crit ce livre.  - A child wrote this book.Passive:  Ce livre a à ©tà © à ©crit par un enfant.  - This book was written by a child.B)  To focus on an action without identifying the performer:  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Jean a à ©crit ce livre.  - Jean wrote this book.  Ã‚  Ã‚  vs  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Il a à ©tà © à ©crit en 1927.  - It was written in 1927. How to Avoid the French Passive Voice The French passive voice has a slightly formal or  literary  tone and is used less frequently than in English. There are several alternatives to the passive voice (besides the active voice): A)  To focus on the performer, use  cest:  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ce livre a à ©tà © à ©crit par un enfant. Cest un enfant qui a à ©crit ce livre.  Ã‚  Ã‚  This book was written by a child. Its a child who wrote this book.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Le record a à ©tà © battu par une femme. Cest une femme qui a battu le record.  Ã‚  Ã‚  The record was beaten by a woman. Its a woman who beat the record.B)  To avoid identifying the performer, there are two options:  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  1.  On (impersonal subject pronoun)  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ce livre a à ©tà © à ©crit en 1927. On a à ©crit ce livre en 1927.  Ã‚  Ã‚  This book was written in 1927.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ils ont à ©tà © pardonnà ©s. On les a pardonnà ©s.  Ã‚  Ã‚  They have been excused.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  2.  Se (passive reflexive)  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ce livre est souvent lu. Ce livre se lit souvent.  Ã‚  Ã‚  This book is often read.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Les mà »res ne sont pas vendues ici. Les mà »res ne se vendent pas ici.  Ã‚  Ã ‚  Blackberries arent sold here.

The Tragedy Of Sophocles Antigone - 1705 Words

On the subject of honorable morality, Antigone possesses the moral high ground in accordance to the Greek expectations of the historical era when compared to the opposition of Creon. Owing to Sophocles’ tragedy known as Antigone, it offers the question of what type of law should be relevant when both divine law and common law clash in their interests. As such, it delves into a complex setting of a post-civil war Thebes, whereby throughout the entirety of the tragedy the audience learns of the fates of those involved, as both sides of the opposition face cruel fates. Yet, while the ending of the play is rather ambiguous about who was right, Antigone was indeed the clear victor according to the cultural upbringing and relevance of the†¦show more content†¦(Mark, 2012) â€Å"Hermes, the Helper, led them down the dank ways. Past the streams of Oceanus they went, past the rock Leucas, past the gates of the sun and the land of dreams, and quickly came to the mead of asphodel, where the spirits dwell, phantoms of men who have done with toils.†(Hom. Od. 24.10-14) However, such death rituals for certain have to be an honored tradition which goes on to grant further fleshed out explanations in Homer’s Iliad, as the death of Patroclus and his spiritual discourse with Achilles at the gates of Hades implies a wrongdoing. The two literary sources emphasizing the necessity of a proper burial and refer to the omission of burial rites as an insult to the dignity of both the man and the will of the gods during the harsh encounter. (Hom. Il. 23.70-74) Granted that at the time of death, relatives of the deceased would go through the process of partaking in the customary steps of preparing the body in three particular phases. All things considered, such occasions being culturally delegated to women, while it depended on the family situation as men would do this also. (â€Å"Death, Burial, and the Afterlife in Ancient Greece.†, 2003) Of the most compelling evidence assorted, it is clear that Antigone’s dutiful mindset in the burial of her brother Polyneices comes from a base found on imposing societal expectations that receive a large number of support with general and widespread practices. With this in mind, when lookingShow MoreRelatedThe Tragedy Of Sophocles Antigone Essay1808 Words   |  8 Pages Antigone is the main character of the homonymous tragedy of Sophocles. The play follows the formal conventions of Greek tragedy and it is composed of seven scenes (opening scene, prologos), five scenes and a final scene (exodus), which are divided noticeably by six choral songs (opening lyric, parodos) and five choral songs (stasima) which have some relevance to the dramatic situation. As Aristotle distinguishes in his work of literary criticism, Poetics, part of the excitement of a tragic performanceRead MoreThe Tragedy Of Antigone By Sophocles1182 Words   |  5 PagesThe play Antigone, composed by Sophocles, informs us that fate cannot be controlled by anyone. Fate is an essential part of many tragedies. As for the characters in Antigone, their fates end up being unavoidable, whether it is due to the reason that they refused to accept it until it was very late, or they accepted the fate and permitted it to come to pass. The character’s lives possess set conclusions, and there exits some clues on what these conclusions shall be, and when they shall happen. TheRead MoreThe Tragedy Of Sophocles Antigone1355 Words   |  6 Pagesscenarios. For example in Sophocles’ play Antigone there are a few characters that one might say suffered. The two characters that are believed to suffer the most in this play are Antigone and Creon, however Creon does suffe r more than Antigone. Sophocles’ play is to be said to be one of the best tragedy plays ever to be written and performed. The reasoning behind this is because of the true suffering that Creon does throughout the play. The whole play brings in the theme of tragedy from the beginningRead MoreThe Tragedy Of Sophocles Antigone928 Words   |  4 PagesAntigone Antigone was written in 441 BC by the Greek playwright Sophocles. The play is set in the ancient city of Thebes. Women were not recognized of importance in ancient Athens, so in turn they were not allowed to attend the plays and any character that was a woman was to be played as a man, wearing a mask. Sophocles wrote many other great Greek tragedies including Odeipus the King. In the prequel to Antigone, Odeipus the King, Odeipus is born as a curse. His parents went to the oracle and receivedRead MoreThe Tragedy of Sophocles Antigone956 Words   |  4 Pages The Tragedy of Antigone nbsp;In the story of Antigone, Oedipus has already died, his two sons. Polyneices and Eteocles, left to contend for the throne of Thebes. In their contention for the throne, the two brothers slay one another, leaving Creon once again to be the acting regent of Thebes. With this power, Creon declares that Polyneices must be left to rot on the battlefield, the highest disgrace to any Greek. Antigone, daughter of Oedipus, is left torn between state of family, and in theRead MoreThe Tragedy Of Sophocles Antigone976 Words   |  4 PagesThe story in Antigone shows two things that Sophocles could be pointing which is important whether may be the family or authority. Readers could not tell whether Sophocles would be choosing which but most conclude that Sophocles could be siding with family as it talks much more about it than authority. In the mind of a reader, family is mostly likely the winner as Antigone cares her brother Polyneices, Antigone denies the rule of Creon, Creon values his son and his wife, and Sophocles might be makingRead MoreThe Tragic Tragedy Of Antigone By Sophocles1440 Words   |  6 Pages Antigone The tragic play ‘Antigone’ by Sophocles is a tale that will forever project different interpretations and meanings, one no more accurate than the other. The play’s protagonist, Antigone, is typically always seen in an innocent aspect, and Creon is always seen as a villain due to the ongoing quarrel between the two. But, who is to say that either one is heroic or villainous? Sure, there are many admirable qualities that Antigone possesses, but she also shows that she is unwilling to changeRead More Sophocles Greek Tragedy, Antigone Essay465 Words   |  2 PagesIt has been said that love conquers all. Love is a major issue in Sophocles Greek Tragedy, Antigone. Antigone’s family is full of incest and betrayal. People say that Antigone, and her sister Ismene have been cursed because of their family’s bad decisions and horrible luck. Love in Antigone’s case did conquer all, but do the tragedy of deaths. Antigone’s love for her deceased bro ther eventually caused her own death. Antigone’s death went on to cause Haimon’s death, which ultimately caused the deathRead MoreTragedy in Antigone by Sophocles and Blackfish771 Words   |  4 PagesKarl Marx, the German philosopher, once said â€Å"History repeats itself, first as tragedy, second as farce.† For me, this quote clearly describes the overarching relationship between Blackfish and Antigone. This analogy starts with Antigone, written about an oppressed woman against the fists of tyranny. That early in history woman’s rights was often taboo at places, and democracy was only recently established. Yet, Antigone went against the norm by focusing on a heroine that challenged male authorityRead MoreEssay about Sophocles Antigone: A Great Tragedy1073 Words   |  5 Pagescan create a major difference, but one decision can create major conflict. One decision affects all other decisions. The effects of one decision are present in Antigone by the greek author, Sophocles. The setting of Antigone is the ancient city of Thebes after a battle between Polyneices and Eteocles. During the battle, a great tragedy occurs when Eteocles and Polyneices kill each other. The battle is a result of one decision by Polyneices to conquer Thebes, and his attempt is a utter failure

Charles Darwins Theory of Evolution Essay - 1311 Words

Before the theory of evolution was a widespread theory in the world of science, Greek and Roman philosophers had their own theories about how life came to its present state and where it was going from there. One theory at the time was that all organisms are reflections of a â€Å"perfect† form and were coming closer to it all the time, although this was the less accepted theory even though it was closer to the truth proven hundreds of years after, while another was that all things were simply places on Earth in their present form, common to modern day Creationism. Even after this, Darwin was not the first to try explain evolution, he just provided convincing proof and published his ideas. The publishing of Darwin’s Theory of Evolution was†¦show more content†¦While on the Galà ¡pagos Islands, Darwin kept notebooks about all the species there, and he noticed the variety of tortoises on the island who were essential in explaining his theory of evolution. The re are several species of tortoise present on the Galà ¡pagos Islands that are all very closely related, but slightly different. There are eleven presently surviving subspecies of Galà ¡pagos tortoises; furthermore, six of the eleven are found on different islands in the archipelago, and the other five are all found on a single island on five separate volcanoes with their own mini-ecosystems (PNAS). Although all of the species of Galà ¡pagos tortoise is different, they each have small differences that can include maximum adult size, shell shape, and the length of the neck and limbs. The tortoises of the islands are most closely related to the Chaco tortoises along the western coast of South America, and they most likely came to the Galà ¡pagos by â€Å"rafting† across the water (PNAS). Similar to the tortoises, Darwin observed that the Finches on the islands also had changed to match the environment. Spread among the islands were fourteen subspecies of finch whoseSho w MoreRelatedCharles Darwins Scientific Theory of Evolution1284 Words   |  6 Pages Charles Darwin is well-known for his groundbreaking work on evolutionary biology. Among his many contributions, The Origin of Species is the most associated with his name. He introduces the scientific theory of evolution and suggests that species have evolved over a period of many generations through a process called natural selection. Darwins theories have created much controversy among his colleagues and led to great amounts of debate. However, the massive amount of criticism directed at DarwinRead MoreCharles Darwins Theory Of Evolution1151 Words   |  5 Pagesteacher within the State of Tennessee to teach any theory that denies the story of the Divine Creation of man and that man descended from a lower order of animals.†1 Fundamentalism was the basis of The Butler Bill. Fundamentalism is the belief in the literal interpretation of religious texts. In June, a Tennessee high school substitute teacher named John Scopes was accused of teaching Charles Darwin s theory of evolu tion to students. The theory of evolution was a hypothesis that species survived throughRead MoreCharles Darwins Theory of Evolution by Natural Selection Essay1027 Words   |  5 PagesDarwin is considered by other people as the creator of Evolution. Darwin was not the only man to arrive at the theory of evolution. Darwin came to his theory of evolution at the same time as an another man who goes by the name of Alfred Russell Wallace came to the same conclusion. Wallace being relatively unknown was not respected for having the same conclusion because the fact that people were so apt to listen to the theory’s of Charles Darwin. After time Darwin published a book On the OriginRead MoreCharles Darwins Theory of Evolution by Natural Selection Essay1832 Words   |  8 Pages  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Other than Mendellson and his studies with genetics, Darwin has by far contributed the most to our modern science. From his theories on variation of species to his explanation of natural selection Charles Darwin has shocked the world by proving the world older than previously thought and creatures not immutable. In this present day these theories are as common belief as a simple mathematical equation such as two plus two equals four; but in the year eighteen hundred and fifty nine DarwinRead MoreEssay on Charles Darwins Theory of Evolution by Natural Selection529 Words   |  3 Pages Charles Darwins theory of evolution centres on the idea that species compete to survive, and favorable characteristics are passed on from one generation to the next. Darwin said that evolution took place by a process of natural selection or survival of the fittest. This meant that the animals and plants best suited to their surroundings survived and were able to pass on their genes to their offspring. The ones that werent best suited died off and didnt get theRead MoreCharles Darwins Theory of Evolution by Natural Selection Essay1306 Words   |  6 Pagesexplorers have made attempts to try to answer this question. Charles Darwin was one of these people. Darwin led a full life of exploration, and during these adventures, he accumulated much information about evolution. He met many explorers that had various ideas of their own about how man evolved. In discussion with these people, he figured out if what they were telling him was fact or fiction. This helped him to formulate his own theory. Curiosity was aroused in Darwin at a very young ageRead More Argument Against Charles Darwins Theory of Evolution Essay1192 Words   |  5 Pages Charles Darwin proposed the theory of evolution to explain the origin, diversity and complexity of life. I will will disprove evolution by showing that natural selection only explains small evolutionary changes, collectively known as microevolution. Natural selection cannot drive large evolutionary changes, macroevolution. I will also show that the primordial soup, in which life supposedly evolved, did not exist. Neo-Darwinism incorporates the discoveries of modern science into Darwins originalRead MoreCharles Darwins Theory of Evolution by Natural Selection Essay1286 Words   |  6 Pages When the name Charles Darwin is uttered, an immediate association brings about the concept of Evolution. Although he was not the first to discover this phenomenon, he was the first to explain it. In his book, The Origin of Species, Darwin discusses evolution- through variation, why it occurs, the struggle for existence, natural selection, the geological record, and several other topics. This book brought him great recognition as well as many violent attacks. It was written inRead MoreCharles Darwins Theory of Evolution by Natural Selection Essay1986 Words   |  8 Pagesgenerations after the publication of his chief work, quot;The Origin of Speciesquot;, Charles Darwin may still be considered the most controversial scientist in the world. His name is synonymous with the debate that continues to swirl around the theory of evolution, a theory that deeply shook the Western view of humanity and its place in the world. We tend to speak simply of the theory of evolution, leaving off the explanatory phrase, quot;through natural selection.quot; At most, perhapsRead MoreCharles Darwins Theory of Evolution by Natural Selection Essay1793 Words   |  8 Pageswas Charles Darwin. Darwin was the most accomplished of these men because he was able to put forth a logical conjecture that was based upon facts and observations. This theory, for a short time, was able to end the feud among educated men because many now put their trust in this new â€Å"theory of evolution†. Unfortunately, this revolutionary new theory threatened the religious beliefs about creation and soon a new rivalry emerged between the creationists and evolutionists. According to Charles Darwin

Existentialism in Albert Camuss Literary Works free essay sample

A discussion of two of Camuss works with the purpose of learning about Camuss view of life. This paper analyzes the short story The Guest and the novel The Outsider (also known as The Stranger) by Albert Camus. It depicts the lead characters of these two works and describes their ways of coping with ethical dilemmas. There is a concern with death and its inevitability in the works of Camus, and The Outsider is one such novel that involves a character faced with an ethical dilemma. The issue of moral responsibility is a difficult one in the universe of the Absurd, since there is no God, no caring or concerned universe, and ultimately no meaning beyond death. For Camus, though, there is a responsibility placed on every individual for making this world more livable, and this is the moral responsibility that man should respond to in life. Camuss characters do not always follow this precept, however, for the absurdity of life overwhelms their moral sense. We will write a custom essay sample on Existentialism in Albert Camuss Literary Works or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page

Entrepreneurship in a Context for Leadership- myassignmenthelp.com

Question: Discuss about theEntrepreneurship in a Context for Strategy Leadership. Answer: Entrepreneurship: Entrepreneurship is the act of utilizing a persons own capacities in order to create a new venture or business on ones own. Entrepreneurs start a business or indulge in their passions in place of functioning for anybody else in the business. Entrepreneurs need to tackle a large number of obstacles and fears as their lives are not easy. They have to tackle several challenges in order to make their endeavours a success. The first and foremost crucial factor for the entrepreneurial success is that of interest (Drucker, 2014). As the concept of entrepreneurship is concerned with the performance rather than the time given to a particular work, it is necessary for an entrepreneur to work in those specific areas which interest him or her. In case this is not done, it will not be possible to manage a proper level of work ethic and there is a high probability of failure. The interests of the entrepreneurs must also coincide with the vision for the growth of the company. In case the day to day activities are of interest to the entrepreneur, it is not enough for success unless this vision can be converted to that of growth and expansion. Entrepreneurs vision must be strong enough to be communicated to the investors and employees alike. The effective skills and the capability of the entrepreneurs to don many hats contribute to the success and the overall reputation of his or her company. It is crucial for an entrepreneur to invest in his or her company even it is intangible (Kirzner, 2015). A brief history of the Uber Company: The company was created in the year 2009. It was founded by Garrett Camp and Travis Kalanick. The company is basically based in the country of San Francisco and it was basically a private car service for the executives. The communication process which was used in this case was mainly brought about by emails and code features. The organisational growth was considerable in the year 2010. The concept of the advancement of technology was used to bring passengers as well as drivers together for the successful completion of the vision of the organisation. It was considered that Uber was the best way in which the passengers would get around. After a person books a car service, it comes straightaway to the person and the payment mode was completely cashless which was later modified to a number of other options (Dagnino, 2016). On a proper study it was found that the company targeted a specific segment of the customers and included those people who did not own a car. Apart from that it is found that there is a certain segment of people who do not drive a car themselves to those places who need to go. This segment of the population was also targeted. Certain people on the other hand are interested in travelling in style and they want to be treated as special and immensely important people. They also require a sort of cost efficient and a method of plying a suitable cab at their personal doorsteps. The connection with the customers is built due to the social media and the technological development. Therefore it is a suitable and has been an effective method to help the customers commute effectively (Arendt, 2017). Challenges faced by the company: There have been several challenges which have been faced by the company which consist of leadership issues, issues with how the drivers behave and the dissatisfaction issues of the drivers. The issue with the inherent leadership of the organisation is that of autocratic leadership, where the orders had been provided to the leaders of the organisation. It is not ideal for the workers to work in a scenario where they feel a sort of pressure from the upper management and therefore it needs to be considered at all costs (Denning, 2015). There had been several reports of the drivers behaving rudely or disrespectfully with the customers or the riders. There have been reports where the drivers have molested or caused harm to the passengers. Often the passengers have not been able to reach their respective destinations. This is a matter of severe concern with the company as the reliability can be lost due to such issues. There have been reports of the drivers remaining dissatisfied with the company as there is no existence of any tipping service which has been removed from the company policies which led the drivers to be dissatisfied and irritated. In case both sides of the company are happy, it is bound to grow more and succeed thereby increasing the overall profit shares. In case the company learns from its mistakes there is no stopping it (Dagnino, 2016). Entrepreneurial schools of thought: There are two basic views of entrepreneurship which relates to the success or the failure in the existing entrepreneurial business in the control locus. The macro view of entrepreneurship comprises the environmental school of thought, the financial or the capital school of thought and the displacement school of thought. The first school of thought considers the external factors which affect the lives of the entrepreneurs and the forces affecting it can be both positive and negative. The financial school of thought comprises of the capital seeking procedure. The displacement school of thought focuses on the negative sides of the existence of a group and understands the factors which can cause someone to feel out of place and even slow his or her development. The micro view of entrepreneurship refers to the school of thought which are specific to the concept of the internal locus of control and the potential entrepreneur has the capability to direct or even adjust the outcome of each of the major influences. Examples of issues in the organisation: From the study of the organisation it has been seen that the stupendous growth of the organisation had not been foreseen at any particular time. The company which started from very meagre means has grown to be one of the largest in the recent times and that too in a very short span of time. The company also believed in the concept of great businesses solving their particular problems. This is because of the fact that in order to reach a stage of global domination the companies have to keep solving their problems. Another reason the company has grown to be huge in the recent years is that they offer both convenience as well as price to their customers. The ways and means by which the Uber cars take their customers is also reliable. It is therefore a convenient alternative to the busy lifestyles of the working generation. The users should also look to solve their problems in the recent times in order to clear their image and become much more successful. The company also does not believe in hiding its mistakes. It believes in solving the issues which have arisen in the company. It always tries to improve its conditions and make it much more clean in terms of image and growth. The company believes that roadblocks might slow them down but they cannot stop them from being successful. In order to expand the company needs to ensure that the issues relating to have been solved at the starting stages itself. From the study of the overall ideals of the company it can be concluded that they follow both from macro as well as micro entrepreneurial schools of thought. Recommendations for improvement: Notwithstanding the issues that have been faced by Uber, it is thought to be safer than most rides and taxi services and an efficient system for the concept of ride sharing has also been created which is existent even at this present stage. The company can appoint and consider newer and much more effective leaders for the important posts in the company. This is due to the fact that the autocratic style of leadership has been found to be unsuccessful in the recent times. Along with the needs to change the structure of the company the type of leaders also need to change. There also needs to be a valid focus on the goodwill marketing wherein the organisation needs to cater to the issues which it has been facing in the recent times. In case customers are facing severe issues and need rides at any cost Uber can introduce the concept of free rides in order to ensure that the rides are beneficial to the customers and the company also gains in goodwill. This will ultimately amount to the overall increase in the growth of the company. The riders should also be allowed to utilize their own data. The company needs to fix the leadership as also the business issues it has been facing in the recent times. The concerns of each of the stakeholders need to considered so that the company is able to fulfil the goals of expansion which it has set for itself. It is to be noted that the company needs to understand the factors which will help it reach a stage of global importance and domination. References and Bibliography: Arendt, H. (2017).ber die Revolution. Piper ebooks. Dagnino, E. (2016). Uber law: prospettive giuslavoristiche sulla sharing/on-demand economy.Diritto delle relazioni industriali,26(1), 137-163. Denning, S. (2015). New lessons for leaders about continuous innovation.Strategy Leadership,43(1), 11-15. Drucker, P. (2014).Innovation and entrepreneurship. Routledge. Harvey, J., Smith, A., Golightly, D. (2018). Online Technology as a Driver of Sharing.The Rise of the Sharing Economy: Exploring the Challenges and Opportunities of Collaborative Consumption, 75. Kirzner, I. M. (2015).Competition and entrepreneurship. University of Chicago press. Santos, F. M. (2012). A positive theory of social entrepreneurship.Journal of business ethics,111(3), 335-351. Thai, M. T. T., Turkina, E. (2014). Macro-level determinants of formal entrepreneurship versus informal entrepreneurship.Journal of Business Venturing,29(4), 490-510.

How to Use a Sample Th Grade Essay

How to Use a Sample Th Grade EssayIs your sixth grader doing his or her own sample essay this year? Most sixth graders are far more likely to write their own work than they are to use one of the sample essays offered by their teachers. The biggest reasons for this are that you can't see the samples and there are very few opportunities to do this, unless the student has some type of special project to work on.Regardless of what grade your child is in, you need to make sure he or she is using a sample essay. It is likely that there are many other sixth graders who are already writing their own work. If you don't, then there is every chance that your child will be stuck in a rut in no time. There are several ways to ensure that your child writes his or her own essay, but the biggest advantage is that it will be as good as, if not better than anything that any teacher could offer them.One way to ensure that your child is writing a sample essay is to send him or her to one of the local sc hools and look at the sample essays written there. You may not always get what you expect, but if you look hard enough you will find something that will inspire your child. Not only is this a fun way to spend the afternoon, but it also will provide him or her with a very good idea of what they should write.The second method that will help your child use the sample is to take some time and write a sample yourself. Make sure that it is one that is meaningful to your child. If he or she has not ever written anything like this before, this will be a good way to get a feel for it and how to structure the outline and introduction.If your child is not starting to think about the subject matter of his or her th grade essay, then you need to start thinking about it now. First, ask your child what they think would interest them. You can use this information to help your child write his or her own essay.With any topic, no matter what it is, you should start by gathering the information that yo ur child needs to begin the task of writing his or her own sample essay. You can use the information your child gives you and work to build on it. You don't have to use the information all at once, but this is the best way to get started and it can be followed in a chronological order.Your next step is to help your child build the outline of the essay. Remember, this is an outline so you will want to make sure that you create a timeline, a list of goals, and tasks. You can add some notes on specific points as well.With this information, you should now be able to write a sample of your own on your child's subject of choice for his or her sixth grade or younger essay. Remember, no matter what grade your child is in, you need to make sure he or she is using a sample essay. This is a great way to encourage them to take writing seriously and they will continue to enjoy it as they age.

Sheikh Mohammed free essay sample

Case Study: Sheikh Mohammed and the Making of Dubai, Inc. Name The making of Dubai is the vision of one man: Sheikh Mohammed bin Rashid Al Maktoum. Everybody knows the classic Arabian Nights but that is just a fairytale. Not â€Å"Dubai, Inc†. Incredible but true, its arid desert is transformed into a center for multinational companies and holds world records such as the most expensive hotel in the world. The coastline was literally made and artificial islands were created by dredging companies. The vision for Dubai might be seen as derived from necessity. In the 1940s the leading industry, the pearling industry, was in decline. It therefore had to focus on commerce. Even though oil was found in 1966 and oil concessions were granted, the political developments were more important to help turn the country into a more prosperous place. Sheikh Mohammed did not want the country to be dependent on oil. We will write a custom essay sample on Sheikh Mohammed or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page When the UAE were found, he became the youngest Minister of Defense at age 21. Already as a child, Sheikh Mohammed was extraordinary. He was energetic, curious and full of initiative that later would prove beneficial for Dubai because he initiated many projects that turned the country into a corporation. Sheikh Mohammed believed in himself and in his vision. He could execute his vision for the country because his family was related and had ties with both business and government so in one sense it can even be considered a family business. His vision also entailed also to bridge the gap between Islamic laws and procedures and Western, more capitalist practices, for instance, by establishing free zones that stimulated business. Through these practices Dubai flourished, from real estate to finance. His management leading the developments gave Sheikh Mohammed the nickname of â€Å"CEO of Dubai†. However, there is not only success to the story. Besides the impact of the financial crisis of 2008, Dubai mistreated immigrants who worked under dire and poor circumstances. In addition, the economic success negatively impacted the infrastructure, demographics and local culture. References Mayo, J. A. , Nohria, N. , Mendhro, U. , Cromwell, J. (2010, 1 March). Sheikh Mohammed and the Making of â€Å"Dubai, Inc. †. Harvard Business School, 1-31, 9-410-063

How to Find the Gemini Constellation

How to Find the Gemini Constellation The Gemini constellation is one of the most ancient known star patterns. People have been observing it since earliest human history, and it was first charted by the Greek-Egyptian astronomer Claudius Ptolemy as part of his sky mapping activities. The name Gemini is the Latin word meaning twins, and most star-chart makers depict the stars in this constellation as a pair of twin boys.   Finding Gemini Constellation Look for Gemini in the sky near the constellations Orion (which has some fascinating sights of its own) and Taurus. For northern hemisphere viewers, its a winter star pattern and its two brightest stars, Castor and Pollux, are part of an unofficial asterism called the Winter Hexagon. That pattern contains six bright stars from the constellations Gemini, Orion, Canis Major, Canis Minor, and Taurus. Gemini looks like two long strings of stars extending down from Castor and Pollux, which are the heads of the twins. The easiest way to find it is to look for Castor and Pollux east of the vee-shaped Hyades cluster, which makes up the face of Taurus the Bull. The best views of this star pattern are available when it is straight overhead early in the new year. It remains visible until late spring, when it disappears into the sunset glow.   The Winter Hexagon is made up of the brightest stars from the constellations Orion, Gemini, Auriga, Taurus, Canis Major and Canis Minor. Carolyn Collins Petersen The Story of Gemini The mythology of the ancient Greeks and the Babylonians concerned a pair of twins in the sky.  For the Babylonians, these boys were in the realm of the gods, and they called them Meshlamtea and Lugalirra. They were related to a more important god, named Nergal, who presided over the Underworld and was thought to bring about all kinds of misfortune, disease, and other ills. The Greeks and Romans called these stars after the twin sons of Zeus and the maiden Leda. The Chinese saw a bird and a tiger in these stars. The modern constellation of the twins was set by Ptolemy and formalized by later stargazers. The formal area of the sky that contains the twins was set by the International Astronomical Union and contains other stars beyond the main ones, plus nearby deep-sky objects.   The Stars of Constellation Gemini Gemini constellation is dominated by the bright stars Castor and Pollux. These are also known as ÃŽ ± (alpha) Geminorum (Castor) and ÃŽ ² (beta) Geminorum (Pollux). Castor may look like only one star, but in reality, it contains six stars in orbit with each other. It  lies some 52 light-years from Earth. Twin brother Pollux is an orange giant star that lies about 34 light-years away from the Sun. Pollux also has at least one planet in orbit around it.   The official chart showing the stars of the constellation Gemini, provided by the IAU. IAU/Sky Telescope.com   Stargazers who want to explore other stars in Gemini might find ÃŽ µ (epsilon) Geminorum, which is interesting since its a binary star that can be seen through telescopes. One member of the pair is also a Cepheid variable star that brightens and dims with a period of about 10 days.   Deep-Sky Objects in Gemini Constellation Gemini isnt enriched with a lot of deep-sky objects. This is because its situated away from the plane of the Milky Way, where most of the clusters and nebulae exist. However, there are a few things that observers can search out in the constellation. The first is a star cluster called M35.  Its what astronomers call an open cluster. That means that its stars are fairly scattered through space but are still traveling together. There are about 200 stars in M35, and this cluster can be seen with the naked eye from dark-sky sights. Its also a lovely sight through binoculars or a telescope. Look for it near Castors foot.   The open star cluster M35 (lower right) in the constellation Gemini. 2MASS/NASA.   Skygazers up for a challenge can also search out two dim planetary nebulae in Gemini. These are clouds of gas that have formed around dying sun-like stars. The first is the Eskimo Nebula (also known as NGC 2392).  It has been imaged by the Hubble Space Telescope and is about 4,000 light-years from Earth.  Search it out by looking just to the left of Polluxs waist (marked 2392 on the chart). The other object is called the Medusa Nebula, and its a real challenge to see.  Search for it along the border with Canis Minor, below Polluxs knee. The Eskimo Nebula in Gemini, as seen by Hubble Space Telescope. NASA/ESA/STScI   Finally, meteor shower fans spend each December 13-14 observing the Geminid Meteor shower. Its a shower created by a stream of material left behind by the asteroid 3200 Phaethon as it orbits the Sun. The meteors are not actually from Gemini, but they appear to radiate from the constellation. In a good year, observers can spot upwards of 100 or so meteors per hour from this shower.   Gemini in Modern Culture As a starry constellation, Gemini has appeared in both space science and astronomy, as well as science fiction. NASAs Gemini missions were named for this star pattern because they each carried two astronauts to space. The Gemini Observatory has two domes, one in Hawaii and one in Chile, both inspired by the starry twins. Finally, science fiction writer Robert A. Heinlein named two of his teenaged characters after the two bright stars Castor and Pollux.

Religions in the Modern World Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Religions in the Modern World - Essay Example In his desperate search for a reason to hope, for a reason to believe in a better life now and in the hereafter, man has for time immemorial made recourse to the guidance of a supreme being. He has expressed his belief in this being through diverse forms of worship known as religions. Antiquity had its religions. No period in human history has probably ever witnessed a boom in religions like the modern era. There has been the birth of thousands of religions in the last century, each religion vying for adepts. In an analysis of the number of adherents of the major religions of the contemporary world, the Religious Tolerance website makes allusion to David Barret et al, editors of the â€Å"World Christian Encyclopedia†. According to the editors’ Comparative survey of churches and religions AD 30 to 2200, â€Å"there are 19 major world religions which are subdivided into a total of 270 large religious groups, and many smaller ones. 34,000 separate Christian groups have been identified in the world." According to the same web source, Christianity has the largest (but declining) membership, be it 2,039 million adherents. Islam follows trail with 1,226 million adepts and is a growing religion. Judaism counts 14 million members world wide. Wicca is the smallest religion with only 0, 5 million members. It is interesting to note that the source informs of 775 million persons with no religion. It may not be an overstatement to say that aside Christianity and Islam no other religion has ever attained the degree of fame Judaism has attained, especially in the last century and more so in the last two decades. This is certainly because Judaism is linked to the Jewish nation. This nation has been the object of several controversies. She is the hot pot of political tensions in the Middle East. The Jews or the Israelites believe in their divine right to the land of Palestine. The United Nations (UN) and the Zionists created the state of Israel on 29.11.1947 (E:/theorcracywatch.org/Christian_zionism_israel_forms.htm) Your last name 2. Peace has never existed between the Israelis and the Palestinians since that date. But the Israeli determination to ensure their sovereignty is more than firm. The source of this unshakeable resolve to ensure their autonomy, aside being backed by the constant support of the Zionist is rooted in the historical background of the Jews presented in the Old Testament of the Holy Bible. In one of his works, Professor S. D. Kunin of the Department of Theology and Religion of the University of Durham wrote; "The biblical depiction of God's promise of the land clearly provided a strong religious and emotional tie to specific geographical location, and continues to provide political and religious motivations for many Zionists" (Kunin). It is interesting to discover the link between religion, sovereignty and territory. The biblical depiction mentioned by Kunin is embedded in what is known as the covenant myth. The rediscovery of this myth in the last two decades by the Jews has added more force to the emotional, religious and political ties mentioned by Kunin. Due to this discovery, the Zionists have had more reason to affirm the right of the Jewish nation to be situated where it is today. A criticism of Kunin's statement would necessitate an eminent discussion of the covenant myth and its rediscovery as well as the role of the Zionists in the Jewish nation before any judgement can be made of the merits of that assertion. Judaism, Jewish politics, Jewish social life and culture all draw their origins and inspirations from the old Testament of the Bible. It probably started with the covenant God made with Abraham. (Genesis 12.) Daniel J. Elazar, explaining the rediscovery of the covenant myth in an article entitled; "Covenant as the Basis of the Jewish Political Tradition" published on the Jerusalem Centre for Political Affairs website states clearly states that, "the covenant is as much a

Partnership Working is Easier in Theory than in Practice Research Proposal

Partnership Working is Easier in Theory than in Practice - Research Proposal Example Organizations and practitioners involved in new programs must understand the goals and objectives and information concerning referral processes and qualification criteria. The extent of this understanding is critical to the success of any working partnership. An effective way of nurturing common understanding is to involve all stakeholders in the development of protocols, policies, and procedures that define the partnership (Clarke, 2014:24). Moreover, practitioners, who are not part of the main partnership, must understand the qualification criteria if the partnership is to succeed. The leaders of the partnerships should develop induction and continuous training, which is a constructive way of ensuring the existence of shared goals in the initiative. A history of sound and support joint working is an important element in the success of partnerships. For instance, in the UK, a past history of collaboration between doctors, mental health professionals, and mental health administrators created a new initiative to capitalize on existing informal communication processes and exploit the goodwill that that past experiences had nurtured (Elder, Evans, and Nizette, 2012:19). In many countries, positive strategic cooperation in the past, that may have occurred between various entities (e.g., welfare and private health agencies), have also been identified as supportive of working partnerships. Effective information sharing systems, including shared records and shared or common IT systems are factors that have been identified as enhancing working partnerships by facilitating faster and timelier evaluations of need. Effective communication has also been identified as supportive of priority management (Francis, 2014:12). Many types of research have demonstrated the importance of having enough finances to support working partnerships.  

Human Resources Management In Small and Medium Enterprises Essay Example for Free

Human Resources Management In Small and Medium Enterprises Essay Introduction Competitive advantage to a firm accrues from the judicious employment of three basic types of resources, namely Physical Capital Resources, such as Finances, Plant and Equipment Organizational Capital Resources – Structure and systems in the organization Human Capital Resources, which include the skills, competencies, experience and intelligence of employees.[1] Human resources are among the most important resources that an organisation utilises and hence its importance to any organisation can be easily understood. Small-to-Medium Enterprises (SMEs) are no exception to this rule, although this aspect is frequently lost sight of. This paper examines the role and importance of Human Resources in SMEs, and compares SMEs from two different cultural backgrounds – Taiwan and the UK. Role of Human Resources in SMEs The study of human resources management in SMEs needs to be strongly encouraged. CEO/founders in SMEs view human resource management decisions as very important to the growth of their enterprises[2]   A study into the perception of important HR issues in small organizations showed that top six issues were wage rates, availability of quality workers, government regulation, training, benefits, and job security[3] The role of Human Resources in SMEs is to contribute meaningfully to organisational objectives in a flexible and demanding environment. Lack of strategic employee management is widely accepted as characteristic of small enterprises. Decision-making has been perceived to be of relatively short-term nature compared to larger organisations, making small enterprises more flexible and less conflict-prone. At the same time, this also means that the advantages of long-term planning such as greater efficiency and effectiveness are lost. On the human resources front, this means that such organisations tend to have reduced capability to attract, retain and motivate the best human resources. This becomes important in view of the fact that out of thousands of small businesses that are established every year, only a few manage to survive in the long-term. While long-term planning and HR strategy are not the only reasons for this, they are among the important reasons. Hence an examination of the HR function as a strategic part of business, and its relevance to long-term planning, is in order. In addition, the role of recruitment and selection, training, and performance management, are also relevant to any discussion on the role of human resources. Planning and Human Resources Management Strategic planning for the organisation needs to be linked to individual goals. In turn, this means that the job design should take into account the long-term objectives of the organisation. â€Å"A framework for strategic management incorporating HRM involves developing a mission statement that answers questions of what businesses the organisation is in; determining goals that are general and long term; and establishing objectives that are short term and measurable. It should also encompass a complete SWOT analysis that incorporates HRM as a functional unit of analysis.†[4] One of the essential requirements of Human Resources Planning is proper job design. Human resources planning involves the matching of the knowledge and skills that are likely to be required in future with those that it has or will have. Human Resources Planning will help the organisation to estimate critical resource requirements, plan training and development needs, and link individual goals to organizational objectives. Job design involves specifying the characteristics of the job and the requirements such as skills for performing these jobs. Job design will thus provide the framework for a host of HR planning activities that can be linked to organizational objectives.[5] Recruitment and Selection Once the plans of the organization are clear the next important issue that any organisation needs to address is to get the right staff to implement the plans. â€Å"Surveys indicate that about 25 per cent of small businesses view the lack of qualified workers as a threat to their expansion and very survival.†[6] The problem assumes particular importance in the case of small enterprises because they almost always have a problem in attracting and retaining the best talent. This is partly due to the fact that they are unable to compete with larger firms for quality staff, because it is impossible for them to match the rewards and prestige that come along with positions in larger firms. Additionally, smaller firms have a reputation for being oriented towards a ‘hire and fire’ culture. Training Once the plans are clear, and the recruitment of the right people has been completed, it becomes necessary to motivate the staff, as well as to enable them to perform their tasks efficiently. This requires periodic training of the employees. Training is important in the case of small enterprises because they are more prone to changing environments and higher attrition rates. This makes it necessary for people to be more flexible, and to be trained in all aspects of the business. While the need for training of staff is thus greater in the case of a small enterprise, it is also accompanied by greater constraints that make it more difficult for these organisations to implement training programmes. Small organisations face two constraints in t his respect: Their budget for training may be more limited, and they may lack the necessary resources to carry out such training It is more difficult for small enterprises to spare their people for training programmes. In spite of the above limitations, however, small enterprises need to concentrate more on training, as it is an investment that needs to be done. â€Å"It has been suggested that top performing companies are distinguished by their higher spending on training and development.†[7] Performance Management Performance Management â€Å"includes work and job design, reward structures, the selection of people for work, the training of these employees, assessment of work performance and policies associated with rewarding and improving performance.†[8] Performance Appraisals are an important part of Performance Management and are useful in improving performance, assist HR planning, and identify development needs and potential for promotion. Small businesses, in general, lack a formal performance appraisal system. The disadvantages of not using structured and formal appraisal systems are that appraisals, and the consequent rewards, are often subjective, and may promote greater dissatisfaction. Consequently, appraisal systems and Performance Management play an important role in determining the alignment of HR planning with organisational goals, and ensuring that a proper climate is available for the achievement of the objectives. â€Å"In developing formal performance appraisal systems, small businesses not only are able to ensure that performance management may become strategically aligned with organisational goals, but also increase accountability, decrease under-utilisation of human resources, address concerns of productivity, and decrease employees’ concerns about fairness and accuracy.†[9] In addition, the salaries and rewards that are offered as part of the employment and the management of diversity within the workforce are important considerations for any organisation. These have a greater significance in the case of small organisations. As can be seen from the above, the role of Human Resources management in small organisations is an important one that needs to be well understood and implemented with care. One interesting extension to the role of HR management in small to medium industries is the use of Balanced Score Cards, which are normally viewed as the exclusive tool of large industries. The Balanced Score Cards approach shifts the focus to long-term growth, and includes measures of operational efficiency, customer satisfaction and employee related measures. The Balanced Score Card method thus includes a part of HR Management to assess the overall performance of the organisation. In a case study that included three SME organisations, Gumbus and Lussier present some interesting conclusions that have significance for the HR function in SME companies. The cases also serve to highlight the importance of HR in SME companies and the link between performance and HR. One of the three companies cited in the case is Futura Industries, an international company based in Clearfield, UT with 230 employees. It has over 50 years of experience in aluminium extrusion, finishing, fabrication, machining and design. The company believes that the two competitive weapons that put them ahead of competition are â€Å"their ability to hire and retain the best people and their devotion to the customer.† Futura’s President, Susan Johnson’s belief that committed and loyal employees make the difference has led the company into using the Balanced Score Card method. In the words of Ms. Johnson, the company â€Å"had all the financial metrics, lots of customer measures, and got ISO accredited three years ago †¦ but it is our employees that differentiate us from all other extrusion companies.[10] A Comparison of SMEs in the UK and Taiwan A study by Lin found that successful SMEs in Taiwan place greater emphasis on soft skills and attitudes rather than on hard skills. He infers that SMEs in Taiwan seemed to have a better grasp of its human resources.   â€Å"Whenever SMEs modernize equipment, alter production processes, revise compensation policies, and engage in other reorganisation activities, they take pains to handle employees responses and feelings with special care and invest heavily in skills development.â€Å"[11] According to Hu, the Human resource scenario in Taiwan is characterised by abundance of entrepreneurs and availability of high quality professionals. Hu traces this to the importance laid on education by Chinese, and the large-scale injection of high quality human resource into the island in the aftermath of the retreat into, and subsequent withdrawal from, Taiwan of the KMT government. In addition, the Taiwanese population has inherited from its ancestors the qualities of â€Å"hard working, brotherhood, strong family ties, competition, and similar attributes that form the basis for strong family businesses.†[12] According to McKenna Beech, the following values characterise the Asian HR scene[13]: Politeness and courtesy Emphasis on personal relationship Not losing face Harmony- avoidance of open conflict Predominance of group interests over individual interests Discipline and respect for authority and for elders Normative, rather than externally imposed control Trust and mutual help in business relationships Centralisation and authoritarianism As against the above, the HR scenario in Europe is characterised by the following features[14]: Pluralism as against unitarism Collectivism and social orientation instead of individualism, with the emphasis being on national, rather than individual, interests Legal framework: firing is more difficult Social Partnership: Employment security, protection of workers’ rights, and representation of workforce through trade unions. Social Responsibility: Concern for environment and other social obligations Tolerance for diversity Recognition of complexity and ambiguity. The characteristics enumerated under Asian values represent the Taiwanese scene, and the scenario in Europe is representative of the UK. From the above, it can be seen that the SMEs in Taiwan are formed with reliance on individual assistance, based on respect for authority, with trust and mutual relationships as the supporting factor. In the UK, and other European countries, it is the legal framework that gives the necessary assurance and support to the business rather than trust. In Taiwan authority is enforced, and followed, because it is natural to the culture. In the UK, the legal aspects are augmented by collective bargaining with a recognized trade union to achieve this purpose. Taiwanese take great care to handle employees’ feelings appropriately whenever major decisions need to be taken. This is replaced by collective bargaining and more formal communication in the UK. SMEs predominate in Taiwan, whereas larger firms represent the more prevalent form of business in the UK. SMEs constituted 99.43 percent of Taiwans total manufacturing firms in 1954, the highest level ever recorded; 95.26 percent in 1976, the lowest; and 98.07 percent in 1996. Among them, the smallest firms, employing fewer than 10 persons, accounted for 90 percent of all firms in the manufacturing sector in the 1950s.[15] On the other hand, SMEs generate roughly one quarter of the GDP of the UK. The generation of employment by SMEs varies from sector to sector, the highest being in the construction sector with 84% of the employment being generated by this sector. The SME sector, which was declining up to 1970, picked up momentum thereafter, and showed a rising trend till 1994. Since 1994, the number has remained constant.[16] As can be seen from these figures, the SME sector is less dominant in the UK than in Taiwan. Why Human Resources are important in firms The resource-based view of organisations explains variations in firm performance by variations in firms human resources and capabilities[17] Firms can gain competitive advantage by generating specific knowledge and skills that are difficult to imitate. This can be achieved through human capital development. The importance of Human Resource Development in small firms is thus self-evident – they help the firms to succeed by being competitive. In a study of more than 100 small enterprises in two towns from Germany, Rauch et al found that â€Å"human resources are essentially important and an optimal utilization of skills and knowledge increases small business growth.† [18] In order to harness this important resource and ensure it gives the best returns, an organisation needs to select its employees with care. It is expected that as firms grow, the skills and abilities required to perform various functions and activities no longer would be available from the familiar and informal recruitment sources preferred by the owner-manager[19] Apart from recruitment, other functions such as Training and Development, Performance Appraisal, and formal procedures and documentation help the organisation in improving efficiency. According to Kotey and Slade, â€Å"Benefits of formal HRM practices include meeting legal requirements, maintaining records in support of decisions in the event of litigation, treating employees fairly, and increasing efficiency.† [20] A study by Kotey and Slade involving more than 1300 small firms in Australia showed that as firms grow they tend to introduce formal HR practices and procedures. In the words of the authors, â€Å"While the analyses show that a significant percentage of SMEs implement formal HRM practices with growth, HRM remains informal in the majority of firms, particularly in small firms. It could be that implementation of formal HR structures and procedures necessary to support growth differentiates successful from unsuccessful SMEs.†[21] In a small organisation, people need to be more flexible and undertake a greater variety of jobs. This needs both motivation and skills. In turn, many employees may get better exposure and greater opportunities to learn and shoulder higher responsibilities in a small firm. All of these underline the importance of Human Resources Management in organisations, particularly small firms. The HRM model is â€Å"composed of policies that promote mutual goals, influence, respect, rewards and responsibility between employees in the organisation.†[22] These policies are promoted by practices such as team working, aligning performance objectives with organisational goals, and a flat organisation structure, all of which can be achieved only through a proper Human Resources Management in the organisation. Survey Research findings have confirmed the theoretical position with the conclusion that good HR systems is a source of competitive advantage. One study has shown that higher performance in a number of areas is correlated to good HR systems and practices. Companies that had significantly higher ratings on their HR practices also reported better market value, higher accounting profits, higher growth rates, better sales per employee, and lower employee turnover. Another study has found that newly started companies had a better survival rate if they had good HR practices. The probability of survival was found to vary by as much as 42% between the firms with the best HR practices and rewards, and those with the worst. Yet another study found that performance of the organisation was strongly linked with practices such as acquisition and development of skilled people, better job design, better autonomy, and positive employee attitude. All these studies clearly show that good HR could positively impact organisational performance practices, highlighting the importance of Human Resources in an organisation. Apart from improving performance good HR practices result in lower costs, while poor practices increase the costs to the organization. One of the contributing factors for this is the cost of employee turnover. â€Å"Interviewing and training recruits has significant out-of-pocket costs for the employer.† Replacing an employee involves expenses for Separation, Replacement, and Training. [23] Employee turnover costs can be divided into three major elements: Separation costs: These are the costs that are directly incurred when an employee leaves the firm, and include such costs as exit interviews, administrative and paperwork costs, disbursement of separation benefits, and revenues lost due to shortage of staff. Replacement Costs: These represent the cost of replacing the employee who has left and include the costs of advertising, sourcing, interviewing and selection. Training Costs: These are the costs that the company incurs for training and induction of a new employee. Apart from the actual expenditure on these activities, the costs of loss of efficiency in the initial stages, and the time lost during the training period should also be considered. Thus employee turnover could represent a fairly high cost to the organisation. Employee turnover can be classified into avoidable and unavoidable turnover. Most of the avoidable turnover results from lack of proper HR initiatives.[24] How Good/Bad employees affect the firm â€Å"A good employee is possibly the most valuable asset a small firm or SME can possess; a bad one could ruin the enterprise.†[25] Any firm, and more importantly a small firm, can ill afford to have people who do not perform. Robert Townsend, a noted Management expert was once asked the secret behind his ability to take over loss making firms, and changing them into profitable ones. The reply that he gave will be of interest to anyone asking how good or bad employees make or mar the firm. Mr. Townsend identified three factors that contributed to his success: Releasing the potential of employees so that they could perform at much higher levels by the practice of appropriate management styles Identifying people within the organisation who were blocking progress and preventing others from performing, and either changing their ways, or dismissing them Identifying people who had the ability and drive to take the company to greater heights, and promoting them. It can be seen that this highly successful Management practitioner reduced success to three simple rules, namely, eliminating deadwood, promoting and encouraging those with potential and creating the right climate in the company. This clearly shows that apart from creating the right environment, the most important requirement for success is the quality of people. Good people could transform a loss making company into a profitable one.[26] â€Å"Whether a firm is small or large, its only as good as its staff.†[27] This can be easily understood because the employees of the organisation make the vital difference between good and poor performance in every area. Apart from the demonstrated effect that this has on the firm’s performance, which has been cited earlier, this also stands to reason. A company depends on coordinated working by its employees towards a common goal to achieve its objectives. In order to meet these objectives, the organisation has to do what it does well. In other words, the competence of its employees should be good if it wants to achieve results. Secondly, the soft skills of the employees are important to achieve internal teamwork as well as to nurture customers with excellent performance and service. Thirdly, the employees of the company need to work efficiently if it is to have a healthy bottom line. All these objectives can be achieved only with good employees who know their job and possess the necessary hard skills, have the necessary soft skills, and are committed to the company’s success. In other words, a company needs good employees who have the right levels of knowledge, skills and attitudes. Conclusion Human Resources Management in Small-to-medium industries has been gaining a lot of attention lately. There is increased awareness among many of the SME entrepreneurs themselves about the importance of good HR practices and policies. It has been shown that organisations having formal Human Resources practices grow faster, and are more profitable, than those that do not do so. A comparison between SMEs in two countries, namely Taiwan and the UK, shows that the SME sector is more predominant in Taiwan, which is characterized by a culture that lays greater emphasis on group working, respect for authority, and mutual trust. This is contrasted by the UK situation where the SME sector is les pervasive, and the HR climate is characterised by formal and legal supports, collectivism, and social responsibility. Although the two situations are quite different from each other, the importance of formal HR systems in the SME segment is being recognised in both cases, and seem to affect performance positively, irrespective of the background. Works Cited A Causal Analysis. Entrepreneurship: Theory and Practice, 29(6): 2005: 681+. Bennett, Roger. Small Business Survival: Strategies for Delivering Growth and Staying Profitable: Second Edition. London, Financial Times Management, 1998. Burns, Paul. Entrepreneurship and Small Business. New York, Palgrave, 2001. Griffith, Roger W and Hom, Peter W. Retaining Valued Employees. London, Sage Publications, 2001. Gumbus, Andra, and Robert N. Lussier. Entrepreneurs Use a Balanced Scorecard to Translate Strategy into Performance Measures. Journal of Small Business Management 44(3): 2006: 407+. Heneman, Robert L., Judith W. Tansky, and S. Michael Camp. Human Resource Management Practices in Small and Medium-Sized Enterprises: Unanswered Questions and Future Research Perspectives. Entrepreneurship: Theory and Practice, 25 (1): 2000: 11. Holbeche, Linda. Aligning Human Resources and Business Strategy. Oxford, Butterworth-Heinemann, 2001. HRD in Small Organizations, Edited by Graham Beaver Jim Stewart. New York, Routledge, 2004. Hu, Ming-Wen. Many Small Antelopes Make a Dragon. Futures 35(4): 2003: 379+. Kotey, Bernice, and Peter Slade. Formal Human Resource Management Practices in Small Growing Firms. Journal of Small Business Management, 43 (1): 2005: 16+. Lin, Carol Yeh-Yun. Success Factors of Small- and Medium-Sized Enterprises in Taiwan: An Analysis of Cases. Journal of Small Business Management, 36(4): (1998): 43. McKenna, Eugene and Beech, Nic. Human Resource Management, A Concise Analysis. Essex, Pearson Education Limited, 2002 Megginson, David, Banfield, Paul, and Joy-Mathews, Jennifer. Human Resource Development. Kogan Page India Pvt. Ltd., New Delhi, 2001. Rauch, A., Frese, M., Utsch, A. Effects of Human Capital and Long-Term Human Resources Development and Utilization on Employment Growth of Small-Scale Businesses: Satava, David. The A to Z of Keeping Staff: Few Firm Employees Leave without a Good Reason-Heres How Not to Give Them One. Journal of Accountancy 195 (4): 2003: 67+. [1] L. Holbeche, Aligning Human Resources and Business Strategy, Oxford, Butterworth-Heinemann, 2001, pp.10-11. [2] R.L. Heneman, T.W. Judith and S. M. Camp. Human Resource Management Practices in Small and Medium-Sized Enterprises: Unanswered Questions and Future Research Perspectives. Entrepreneurship: Theory and Practice 25(1): (2000): p. 11 [3] HRD in Small Organizations, Edited by Graham Beaver Jim Stewart, New York, Routledge, 2004, p. 81. [4] Ibid, p81 [5] Ibid [6] ibid, p82 [7] ibid, p 85 [8] ibid, p 89 [9] ibid, p 89 [10] A. Gumbus and R. N. Lussier. Entrepreneurs Use a Balanced Scorecard to Translate Strategy into Performance Measures, Journal of Small Business Management, 44(3): 2006: p.407. [11]C.Y. Lin. Success Factors of Small- and Medium-Sized Enterprises in Taiwan: An Analysis of Cases. Journal of Small Business Management, 36(4): (1998): p. 43. [12] M. Hu. Many Small Antelopes Make a Dragon, Futures, 35(4): 2003: p. 379. [13] E.McKenna and N. Beech. Human Resource Management, A Concise Analysis. Essex, Pearson Education Limited, 2002, pp.4-5. [14] ibid [15] M. Hu. P. 379. [16]   P.Burns. Entrepreneurship and Small Business. New York, Palgrave, 2001, p12. [17] A. Rauch, M. Frese A. Utsch. Effects of Human Capital and Long-Term Human Resources Development and Utilization on Employment Growth of Small-Scale Businesses: A Causal Analysis. Entrepreneurship: Theory and Practice, 29(6): 2005: p681. [18] ibid [19] B.Kotey and P. Slade. Formal Human Resource Management Practices in Small Growing Firms. Journal of Small Business Management, 43(1): (2005): p.16. [20] ibid [21] ibid [22] E. McKenna and N. Beech, p34-35 [23] D. Satava. The A to Z of Keeping Staff: Few Firm Employees Leave without a Good Reason-Heres How Not to Give Them One, Journal of Accountancy, 195(4 ): 2003: p. 67. [24] R. W. Griffith and P. W. Hom. Retaining Valued Employees, London, Sage Publications, 2001, p10 [25] R. Bennett. Small Business Survival: Strategies for Delivering Growth and Staying Profitable: Second Edition, London, Financial Times Management, 1998. [26] D. Megginson, P. Banfield and J. Joy-Mathews. Human Resource Development. Kogan Page India Pvt. Ltd., New Delhi, 2001, p. 82. [27] Satava, David. The A to Z of Keeping Staff: Few Firm Employees Leave without a Good Reason-Heres How Not to Give Them One. Journal of Accountancy 195.4 (2003): 67+.